Research by Boney et al. (2005) highlighted the profound ways in which a mother’s metabolic health before and during pregnancy can influence her child’s future well-being.
The study showed that maternal obesity and metabolic conditions can increase the likelihood of children being at risk for conditions such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke, and asthma later in life.
This process is called Epigenetics. Epigenetic mechanisms in pregnancy are a dynamic phenomenon that responds both to maternal–foetal and environmental factors, which can influence and modify the embryo-foetal development during the various gestational phases.
The three most significant factors contributing to childhood obesity identified in this research are:
1. Pre-gravid maternal obesity (being overweight before pregnancy)
2. Maternal gestational diabetes (diabetes that occurs during pregnancy)
3. Being born large- or small-for-gestational-age (having a birth weight outside the typical range)
One of the most concerning findings is that children born large-for-gestational-age to mothers with gestational diabetes are at a 50% risk of developing features of metabolic syndrome by the age of six.
These findings highlight the importance of supporting maternal health, particularly when it comes to managing metabolic conditions before and during pregnancy.
It is essential to approach these issues with empathy and understanding, recognising that many factors contribute to metabolic health and that early intervention and support can make a meaningful difference for both mothers and their children and in turn, future generations.
Together, we can work towards raising awareness and supporting healthier futures for families.
